Tax World

Sales Tax Decisions

P. C. Joshi, Advocate

Dealer – Bank

The Supreme Court, while interpreting the provisions of section 2(viii)(g) and section 5 of the Kerala General Sales Tax Act, found that the definition of the term ‘sale’ in local law was different from the definition of the said term under Sale of Goods Act. The Apex Court, therefore, held that when a bank sell the pledged ornaments, their action was under section 176 of the Contract Act as of right of a lender. The sale of the pledged ornaments was not as an agent of the borrower, but in exercise of the statutory power under the 1949 Act. Since the sale of pledged assets took place in the course of banking business, the Supreme Court held that such transactions were taxable under the Kerala General Sales Tax Act, 1963.

M/s Badagara Co-op. Rural Bank Ltd vs. State of Kerala & Others. 2007 NTN (7 DPH) – 360.

Declared goods

  1. Resale

Following the ratio of Supreme Court judgment in the case of M/s K. A. K Anwar & Co (108 STC 258), the West Bengal Taxation Tribunal held that the rough cast iron casting made out of pig iron and iron scrap resulted in a new commercial commodity and therefore, the claim of resale or IInd Sale on such transaction was not allowable. Considering the scheme of the Act, especially Section 22(2) of the 1994 West Bengal Act, the assessee was eligible to set-off of the tax paid while purchasing pig iron and iron scrap.

M/s Urvashi Steel Industries Pvt. Ltd & Another vs. C.T.O., Bally Charge & Others. (2007) 49 S. T. A. – 189.

  1. Stainless steel pipe

The West Bengal Commercial Tax Appellate & Revisional Board held that Stainless Steel Pipe was nothing but steel tube and therefore, the said item was held to be declared goods liable to be taxed @ 4% only. For that purpose, the board relied on the Supreme Court decision in the case of M/s Gujarat Steel Tubes Ltd vs. State of Kerala & Others (74 STC 176).

M/s Advance Trading Co. (CAL) vs. D.C.C.T., Chowringhee Circle. (2007) 49 S.T.A. – 71.

Effect of circular on liability

The Supreme Court, while considering the provisions of U. P. Trade Tax Act, 1948, held that the Circular issued by the Commissioner cannot create a liability by drawing in inference in regard to the transactions with farmers.
M/s Jhunjhunwala & Others vs. State of U. P. & Others. (2007) 49 S.T.A. – 217.

Entries in Schedule

  1. Radio terminals

While considering the provisions of Custom Act and the notifications thereunder, the Supreme Court held that the Radio Terminals which converted digital speech from BTS equipment to the Base Station Control through the outdoor units and antennas were ancillary equipments of BTS. According to the Hon’ble Court, radio terminals were not independent equipment having its own independent function. The equipment only supported the Mobile Communication Network under a particular GSM. In other words, the Court held the radio terminals as a radio wave transmitter between BTS & MSC or Base Station Control.

Commissioner of Customs, Bangalore vs. M/s Spice Telecom, Bangalore. (2007) 49 S.T.A. – 223.

  1. Fridge stand

The Kerala High Court, after considering the meaning of the terms ‘accessory’, ‘component’ and ‘spare parts’, held that the Fridge stand was neither a spare part nor component of the machine in question. It may be noted that Entry 6 of Fifth Schedule under the Kerala Sales Tax law referred to components and spare parts of Refrigerator, Water Coolers etc, but did not cover the accessory. In that connection, the Court also observed that the accessory cannot be considered to be a component or a spare part. In view of that position, the Hon’ble High Court held that the item in question was not covered by the said Entry, but the same was taxable under residuary entry.

M/s Golden Traders vs. Commissioner of Commercial Taxes. (2007) 15 KTR 238 (Ker).

  1. Video Conferencing Products

While disposing of an appeal against the order of classification under section 94 of the Kerala VAT Act, the Hon’ble Kerala High Court held that the Video Conferencing Products (VCP) were not covered by HSN

Code 8517.50, but were electronically related digital online system, allowing two or more locations to interact between them simultaneously. In view of that position, the Court confirmed the order of the Commissioner holding the same to be liable to tax @ 12.5% under section 6(1)(d) of the said Act.

M/s Godrej & Boyce Mdg. Co. Ltd. vs. State of Kerala. (2007) 15 KTR 235 (Ker).

  1. Ganga Jal

While disposing of an application under section 84 of the Delhi VAT Act, the Commissioner held that Gangajal sold in packed or sealed containers were not covered by Entry 36 of Schedule 1 of Delhi VAT Act and therefore the same was not tax free, but taxable @ 12.5%.

Application No. 156/CDVAT/131 decided on 4th January 2007 in the case of Amit Gupta vs. Archana Arora, Commissioner, T&T, Delhi.

Source : Sales Tax Matters, 1-6-2007, Vol. 10, Part 6, Page 711.

High seas sale – Power of Checking officer

The VAT Tribunal, Punjab, held that the provisions of Section 14B(7) of the Punjab VAT Act grants a limited power to a Checking officer. Therefore, the validity or legality of the High seas sale cannot be gone into by the Checking officer under the Sales Tax law, but the same was under the domain of the Custom department under the provisions of the Custom Act.

M/s Nokia India Pvt. Ltd., Mohali vs. State of Punjab. (2007) 29 PHT 672 (PVT)

Interest on refund

Consequent to the decision of the Supreme Court in the case of M/s India Carbon Ltd., the Commissioner of Sales Tax, Maharashtra, had issued a Circular on 9th January 2004 that interest under section 43A (of the B.S.T. Act, 1959) on the refundable amount under C.S.T Act, Works Contract Act and Lease Act, cannot be granted in absence of substantive provision in the Works Contract Act in that behalf. The matter of such interest came up recently before the Tribunal. After considering the language of section 9(1) of the Works Contract Act which is similar to section 9(1) of the C.S.T Act, the Tribunal disapproved the version circulated by the Commissioner and held that recovery of tax and refund provisions were part of procedural law built-in substantive provisions. The Tribunal also disapproved the withdrawal of grant of interest by the circular as unjustified. The Tribunal, while deciding the matter, referred to the legislative history in regard to section 9 of the CST Act and its adoption in Works Contract Act. While analysing the distinction between charging provision and machinery provision, the Tribunal held that even in a procedural law, there can be substantive provisions. The Tribunal concluded that the substantive provisions of section 43A of the BST Act was a part of procedural law and therefore, all the provisions of local law relating to refund including the provision for grant of interest mentioned in the later part of section 9(1) were applicable for the purpose of assessment/ reassessment etc. as if the tax was payable under the local Act.

M/s Arvind G. Daftary vs. The State of Maharashtra & Others.

Source : Sales Tax Review, June 2007, Page I-111.

Inter-State Works Contract

Before the Allahabad High Court, the agreement of the Works Contract provided for procurement of materials required to be used in the contract from the specified manufacturers. Those goods were to be inspected by the contractee at the site of the manufacturer for which specific codes were to be assigned as per its drawing on individual goods. The manufactured goods out of such approved material were to be despatched to the site along with the inspection certificate. Thus it was shown that the goods were ordered, imported, manufactured and used as per terms in the contract. The Court held that when the movement of the goods took place, the contractee had lien over the goods and therefore, the transactions were squarely covered by the provisions of section 3 of the CST Act. The Court, therefore, held the transaction to be a clear example of an inter-State Works Contract.

Commissioner, Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow vs. Indian Railway Construction Co. Ltd.

Source : Sales Tax Matters, 1-06-2007, Vol. 10, Part 6, Page 696.

Liability of introducer

The Allahabad High Court, after considering the true and correct meaning of the expression ‘Association of Persons’, held that a person who permitted a dealer to use his telephone number by giving consent letter for the purpose of registration, cannot be held to be a member joining the Association with a common object. The recovery measures initiated against such introducer was quashed with costs.

Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., vs. M/s Laxmi Vanaspati & Oil Co., Varanasi & Another. 2007 NTN (Vol. 34) – 128.

Reassessment

The Supreme Court held that an order of assessment passed on the basis of the earlier circular, cannot be reopened on the basis of a later circular issued by the Commissioner upon review of the earlier circular. In fact, in such a matter, there was no provision permitting the review by the Commissioner. The Supreme Court, therefore, set aside the Karnataka High Court judgment, holding the later circular to be valid and consequently the reassessment that followed was also quashed.

M/s Binani Industries Ltd., Kerala vs. Asst. Commissioner of Commercial Taxes, VI Circle, Bangalore.

Source : Sales Tax Matters, 1-6-2007, Vol. 10, Part 6, Page 659.

Recovery – A high handed action

The Punjab & Haryana High Court awarded the cost of Rs. 10,000/- recoverable from the officer who kept the bus in his custody for more than a month for recovering a small amount of Rs. 2,770/-, though the owner of the bus had offered to pay the amount in full for release of the bus. The officer was also directed to be charge sheeted, so that such high handedness should not recur in future.

M/s Chaudhary Bus Service, Rewari vs. State of Haryana.

Source : Sales Tax Matters, 1-6-2007, Vol. 10, Part 6, Page 679.

Sale

The Allahabad High Court, relying on the provisions of section 2(h) of the U. P. Trade Tax Act, 1948 and the provisions of section 4 & 5 of the Sale of Goods Act, held that the sale and the agreement to sell were different. Where the Sale Memo was issued without any pre-condition, it can well be assumed to be a transaction of complete sale. For that purpose, according to the High Court, delivery of goods at a later date or deferment of payment had no bearing.

M/s Paramount Pesticides Pvt. Ltd., Meerut vs. The Commissioner of Trade Tax, U. P., Lucknow. 2007 NTN (Vol. 34) – 175.

Taxation Tribunal jurisdiction

The West Bengal Taxation Tribunal held that an application under section 8 of the West Bengal Taxation Tribunal Act by the President of the Association against the opinion of the Public Relations Officer was maintainable. For that purpose, the Tribunal applied the provisions of CPC section 2(2), Order 1, Rule 8(1)(a).

M/s Calcutta Computer Stationery Printers Association & Another vs. C.C.T., West Bengal & Others. (2007) 49 S.T.A. – 244.

Tax & Fee

The Supreme Court, distinguishing its earlier judgment in the case of M/s Jindal Stainless Ltd. (145 STC 544), held that the principles of distinguishing of fees with the tax had undergone a sea change. In that regard, the Hon’ble Court held that for a valid levy of fee, it was no longer necessary that some specific service must be rendered to the individuals from whom the fees were being realised, if there were a broad and general correlation in totality. In other words, it was not necessary to have mathematical correlation between amount realised as the fees and the value of services rendered to the fees payer. The Supreme Court, on the above basis, held that the cess levied under the provisions of Andhra Pradesh Rural Development Act, in addition to purchase tax and sales tax, cannot be struck down to be invalid, as in substance the cess was fees for rendering to the rural public the service of rural development. Even if no specific service was rendered to a particular individual from whom the fees were collected, the cess was a valid piece of legislation. The Supreme Court also observed that where there was no broad correlation between the total amount of cess realised every year and the total value of services rendered every year, the position would be otherwise.

M/s Vijayalashmi Rice Mill & Others vs. Commercial Tax Officer & Others. (2007) 15 KTR 205 (SC).

Works Contract

While considering the provisions under the Bihar Finance Act 1981, in regard to levy of tax on Works Contract, the Supreme Court held that the value of the goods involved in the Works Contract was to be determined after deducting charges towards labour and services from the entire Works Contract value. If an item was not covered by List II or III of the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution, then only the Parliament can provide for levying tax either under List I or under its residual power.

State of Jharkhand & Others vs. M/s Voltas Ltd., East Singhbhum (2007) 29 PHT 655 (SC)

Withholding of refund

The Punjab & Haryana High Court held that the refund due to an assessee cannot be withheld simply because the revenue involved in the case was substantial or an appeal was pending in the Supreme Court on the same point.

M/s Shiwalya Spinning & Weaving Mills (P) Ltd., Ludhiana vs. State of Punjab.

Source : Sales Tax Matters, 1-6-2007, Vol. 10, Part 6, Page 682.