SEBI & Corporate Law

Sujeeth S. Karkala

  1. Companies Act, 1956 — Enforcement of decree of Foreign Court

The petitioner company used to deliver the cargo to the respondent company. The petitioner incurred liabilities due to respondent which petitioner was liable to pay to the third party. The petitioner initiated proceedings against the respondent for payment of liabilities on the basis of letter of indemnity in the High Court of England and Wales, the High Court of England and Wales granted a summary judgment and a notice was issued under section 433 and section 434 of the Companies Act, 1956. Further when the respondent failed to comply with the notice the petitioner filed a petition for winding up of the company. Before the High Court, the respondent contended that the statutory notice of winding up is based on the decree of the English Court and the decree does not fulfil the condition under section 13 of Code of Civil Procedure. The judgment passed is without jurisdiction without any merit. The respondent did not appear before the court and the ex parte decree was passed against them. The Court held that it is the settled law that the judgment given would be the judgment given on the merits, if the evidence given by the petitioner and the judgment is based on the consideration of the evidence. The court admitted the petition.

China Shipping Development Co. Ltd. vs. Landyard Foods Ltd. [(2007) 77 SCL 197 (Bom)]

  1. Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 — Dishonours of cheque for insufficiency of fund — Liability of director

The Appellant was proceeded against the alleged commission of offence under section 138 of Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881. The appellant put forth that they where not the directors of the company at the time of the commission of the offence and the allegation made in the complaint petition do not satisfy the requirement under section 141 of the Act so they are not responsible. The appellant further contends that they where not the directors of the company at the time of issuance of the cheques. It was shown that director entered into negotiation with the complainant firm for the financial assistant. To prove that a vicarious liability of the Director upon complaint it is incumbent to make the directors they where responsible for the conducts of the business of company.

The Supreme Court further held that the order passed by the lower court was not correct, the negotiation for obtaining financial assistant on behalf of the company is not an offence under section 138 of the Negotiable Instrument Act, 1881 and a vicarious liability must be proved and cannot be a subject matter of mere interference.

K. Srikanth Singh vs. North East Securities Ltd. [2007] 77 SCL 214 [SC]

  1. Oppression and Mismanagement of the Companies Act, 1956

Managing Director of the company transferred his flat in the name of the company to avoid attachment – Transfer held to be invalid — Attachment is justified

The petitioner has filed the petition against the oppression and mismanagement of the company and the Managing Director of the company. The petitioner states that the Company Law Board (CLB) issued attachment of warrant against the property owned by the MD. The MD resigned from the Company and transferred the flat in name of the company. In the execution petition filed in the High Court, the Court held that the director gave his resignation when the order was being passed by the CLB. The respondent contended that the flat cannot be attached as it did not belong to the MD but to the company. The court took the view that the MD has failed to act as the agent of the company and is liable for the execution on behalf of the company. The resignation of MD has no effect in law. Further it held that the directors are liable for the acts done and liabilities incurred prior to resignation which has been determined and adjudicated upon after such resignation.

John D’Silva vs. Neosonic Electronics Ltd. [(2007) 77 SCL 129 (Bom)]

  1. Public Provident Fund Act, 1968 — Lifting the corporate veil

The provident fund contribution was due from the Universal Pollution Control (India). The Provident Fund Commissioner demanded money from the company, as both the company had two common directors. The respondent raised the issue before the court on the ground of lifting the corporate veil. The court was of the view that both the company is sister concern and are registered separately under the Companies Act; the contention has to lifting the corporate veil is without any merits. The Provident Fund Act has no provision which stated that the liability of one company will be borne by the other company. The court further held that the demand by PF Commissioner is not as per the law and the demand be set aside.

Universal Pollution Control (India) (P.) Ltd. vs. Regional Provident Fund Commissioner [(2007) 77 SCL 192 (Bom)]

  1. Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Asset and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002 — Publishing photographs of borrower and security in newspaper for payment of loan is not violative of Article 21 of the Constitution of India

The petitioner had made a default in payment of monthly instalments on the loan which he had borrowed from the respondent bank. The banks issued notice to the petitioner and proposed to publish the photographs of the petitioner in the newspaper with the details of the properties. The petitioner filed a writ petition in the HC of Madras restraining respondent from publishing the photographs as it violates Article 21 of the Constitution of India .

The court held that statutory laws provide for notice and publication in the newspaper, so if a borrower finds new methods to restrain the respondent from pursuing the acts under the statutory law, the respondent can also invent new methods to recover their dues. The court further held that there has been no violation of fundamental right of the petitioner as writ of mandamus can be issued only if there is violation of fundamental right or public duty while in this case there has been no violation of fundamental duty by the respondents but the petitioner is restraining respondent from performing the public duty. It also further held that the petitioner cannot invoke the writ jurisdiction of the court without, exhausting the alternative remedy under s.17 of Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act, 2002.

K.J. Doraisamy vs. Assistant General Manger, State Bank of India, Erode (2007) 78 SCL 196 (Mad)