Billionaire

lobalization, Investment Banking and Mergers & Acquisitions –India U.S.A. – The Past, Present and the Future

Ms. Anne Carley,

Managing Director and Head of Corporate Finance/Investment Banking, Greenwich Equity Group, LLC Greenwich, Connecticut.

Good morning and welcome to New York. My name is Anne Carley and I am a Managing Director with Greenwich Equity Group and Head of Corporate Finance/Investment Banking. My area of expertise is technology and bio-technology. I am also a managing director with Greenwich Advisors our asset management company and I am happy to announce that we are launching our first single country fund, Greenwich Advisors India Select Fund, and that country is India.

Back in 1999 I was meeting with a client who is a CEO of a mid-size Technology company and he was telling me that he was moving a large portion of his research and development team to Bangalore. I had no idea where Bangalore was or what country it was in. I asked him why Bangalore and he went on to tell me that Bangalore was located in India and had a large pool of young, highly trained, English speaking, engineers who were diligent, hard working, entrepreneurial, and much more cost effective than American or European engineers. I began to do some research and found that many other CEOs of Technology companies were also looking at Bangalore. I also discovered that Bangalore was quietly becoming the Technology centre for the well informed. During the go go years of the 1990s if you were a Technology company or had.com in your name Wall Street was throwing money at you. Many companies that went public did not have a business plan or even a product. Countless technology company’s thought that this would never end and rested on their laurels, if they had them and did not plan ahead or even look into improving their products or expanding their lines of business. When the tech bubble burst in 2001 numerous companies were not able to continue without the huge supply of money they had been receiving from Wall Street and the dot com’s turned into dot gones. This was not just small companies but also many large companies. One of the darlings of the 1990s was CMGI. CMGI had a market capitalization of over $ 20 billion dollars and had a stock price of over $ 100. In one deal alone we raised $ 240 million dollars for them. Today CMGI is trading around $ 2 per share. Many of my clients were not prepared for the lean years ahead and went out of business. Even some of the household names of the 1990s like CMGI are worthless. Technology is a very hard business as companies have to constantly be improving their products and expanding their product lines. This is not a static business and if you do not keep up with your research and development your company will become obsolete and ultimately go out of business. New companies are constantly threatening existing companies and research and development is very important to keep their products fresh and cutting edge. There is always someone with a new idea or a better way to do something. During this time companies that had not moved there research and development teams to India had to cut back on their research and development and this hurt them as they were not able to keep up with the demands of a constantly changing marketplace and ultimately became obsolete. This was true for all companies regardless of size. Many household names such as GE, Intel and Microsoft to name a few sent large portions of their research and development departments to India. GE has one of the largest research and development divisions in Bangalore and this division has more patents than any other division in the world. About three years ago I started to see that the Carlyle group, Blackstone and others were beginning to look at India as not only a technology centre but to really also take a look at many of the other sectors and companies that were in India. Most Americans when they think of India think of Call Centres, Technology and Cows. This is not true. India has a very diverse economy which is made up of numerous sectors such as metals and mining, telecommunications, banking, manufacturing, retail, energy , technology and agricultural. India has companies that are in all sectors and not just the large companies that we all know like Tata, Reliance, Infosys and Wipro. India has many companies that are very well run and profitable as the Indian banks are not as free and easy to lend money to companies without revenues and a strong business plan. Companies in India must be profitable and be able to sustain themselves as capital will not be easy to obtain for them. Indian companies are some of the best run in the world as they have always had to self fund and not rely on investment bankers or banks for funding. This makes for very strong companies with strong balance sheets who are well able to build divisions or buy if the need suits them. The larger American investment groups have started to notice this and have been investing large amounts of money in India. They have realized that India is a great place to find companies that could be acquired by American companies to round them out or build out divisions and India is also a great place to find companies that could be put together to make one large company. We are starting to see large amounts of money coming into India in the private equity area. We are also beginning to see that large Indian companies are also looking toward America for acquisitions. Look at the recent Vitamin Water deal in which Tata bought Vitamin Water last year for $ 677 million and just sold it to Coca Cola for $ 4 billion just last Friday. So here is an Indian company buying an American Company and selling it back to another American company. The world is changing and as Thomas Friedman said “The world is Flat” and in order to compete in this global economy companies are going to have to have a global presence and borders are going to be meaningless. There is no such thing as an Indian company or an American company. This cross boarder pollination is going to continue and grow stronger and all companies will have to be multinational if they are going to stay competitive. Most of the large corporations are well able to get into other markets but many of the mid-sized and smaller companies are going to need help to position their companies in the global marketplace. Many American companies realize that in order for them to stay competitive and survive in the new economy they are going to have to set up operations outside of the USA. The problem they face is how to get there. They are going to need lawyers, accountants and bankers to help them navigate the international waters. Help in finding companies for acquisition, help evaluating the companies and structuring the transaction. They are also going to need help in finding partners to work with and help in setting up divisions. As the rest of Wall Street begins to look toward India as not just an outsourcing destination but as a viable source of strong companies in all sectors and not just technology they are also going to need guidance on how to deal in India. This works both ways as smaller Indian companies are also going to need to branch out and come to the United States. There are many interesting companies in the United States that would make great counterparts for Indian companies. There are many opportunities for Indian companies to expand their product mix and buying an American company or partnering /setting up a division here in the USA could add substantial value. The importance of being a global company and learning how to deal with or sell to the world is vital to the survival of all businesses. We have already begun to see many large cross border transactions by Indian companies and we are going to be seeing a lot more of them. Indian companies can no longer afford to stay just in India and they are also going to need help getting to the USA. This is a very exciting time and a very important time. The economy is changing and the way we do business is changing and everyone must change with it. The world has changed and India is going to be a super power. Like it or not if you are not doing business in India you will be left behind.